Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (AI Act) · Chapter I · General provisions
Article 4 · AI literacy
Text
Providers and deployers of AI systems shall take measures to ensure, to their best extent, a sufficient level of AI literacy of their staff and other persons dealing with the operation and use of AI systems on their behalf, taking into account their technical knowledge, experience, education and training and the context the AI systems are to be used in, and considering the persons or groups of persons on whom the AI systems are to be used.
Text: Official Journal of the EU, 12 July 2024. No consolidated version reflecting Regulation (EU) 2026/1744 has been issued yet.
Amended by Regulation (EU) 2026/1744 Replaced in full. The obligation now reads “take measures to promote improvement” of AI literacy and expressly does not require guaranteeing a given level for any individual. The Commission is to publish practical examples and the Council to adopt a recommendation.
Commentary
Providers and deployers alike ensure a sufficient level of AI literacy among the staff working with AI, having regard to the context and the persons affected. It has applied since 2 February 2025 and is the most far-reaching obligation in the regulation, reaching even those who merely use AI. In practice it is met through training, internal rules and documentation of both. The AI Act’s harmonised fining tiers do not list Article 4 (Article 4 is absent from the list in Article 99(4)), so no direct fine from those tiers threatens for breaching it. National enforcement and non-monetary measures may still be relevant. The open AI-literacy course (in Czech) on this site serves to meet the obligation.